雅思写作|学会雅思写作构思，远离5.5魔咒

       雅思写作|学会雅思写作构思，远离5.5魔咒

      雅思写作一直是同学们的难点，写着写着就跑题，准备好的模板，很难套用进去。主要还是因为文章构思有问题，今天就来和大家具体说下。



      拿到题目之后，首先要做的就是审题，然后就是根据审题之后找出的题眼，也就是关键词来进行构思。那么关键词都有哪些呢？

    一般审题时所找出的关键词有：主题词general topic、关键词keywords、题目类型question type。
以一道真题为例：In some countries an increasing number of people are suffering from health problems as a result of eating too much fast food. It is therefore necessary for government to impose a higher tax on this kind of food. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
它的关键词分别是：health problems；fast food、impose a higher tax；agree or disagree。
找出关键词后，就要开始思考你的立场和观点。一般立场的选择都和观点相对应，但无论如何都要保证全文的立场是统一的。想出main idea之后，还要思考支撑观点的理由和例子。
然后是确定你的行文结构，一般大作文都建议使用四段式的文章结构：
Introduction：背景，表明立场
Main body1：观点+理由+举例
Main body2：观点+理由+举例
Conclusion：总结，重申立场

    最后就是筛选和组织语言，首先选择那些理由充分、举例恰当的观点，把这些观点有效地组织起来“排兵布阵”。
然后组织语言，找出题目关键信息的同义词同根词、想运用在写作中的地道短语搭配和高级句型。接着就可以进行写作啦。

    那么在构思中如果想不到idea，该怎么办呢？如何对题目进行头脑风暴呢？最简单的方法就是用提问的方法来寻找idea。说到提问题，自然离不开最经典的“5W+H”，即who、what、when、where、why、how，具体可以根据实际情况来看选用哪类问题。同时，也可以从不同角度、人物立场来思考。比如说从经济、文化、政治、法律、道德等角度思考；从宏观和微观的角度，就可以分为社会、集体和个人；如果话题涉及到不同人群，比如学生和老师、年轻人和老年人，那么就可以从不同人物立场去考虑。

    还有一些同学在写作时“文思泉涌”，恨不得把所有的idea都写进文章中，这样也是不正确的。大多数这样的文章都缺乏连贯性，严重的还会造成跑题。所以我们在考虑观点的时候，要注意筛选，避免离题。对雅思写作而言，掌握同义替换表达，就能帮助你在雅思评分标准中的“词汇丰富度”这一项中大放光彩。这里小编为大家竞选了100个雅思写作中高频用到的词汇及替换表达，建议各位同学先收藏好，每天积累一两个同义替换，等到后面你就会发现自己的词汇储备量上升一个等级！

话不多说，赶紧来学习吧~
1. 持某观点：claim
contend, deem, reckon, assert, share the belief that 
2.支持某观点: advocate
maintain, vote for, side with, be in favor of 
3.反对某观点: contradict
criticize, be against, cast doubts on
4.合理的：justified
sensible, convincing, persuasive, rational, practicable, logical, wise, sagacious, viable, preferable, advisable, appropriate,  bear much analysis
5.好处：advantage
benefit, merit, positive side, upside, boon, pros
6.弊端：disadvantagedefect, demerit, negative side, downside, flaw, drawback, cons
7.肯定：undoubtedlyindeed, undeniably, there is no denying that
8.不确定：be likely topotentially，presumably
9.重要的：essentialsignificant, vital, crucial, critical, fundamental, indispensable
10.有益的：beneficialconducive, instrumental
11.有害的：detrimentalharmful, virulent
12.有争议的：controversialdisputable, contentious
13.普遍的：widespreadprevalent, universal
14.显著地：considerablysignificantly, remarkably, dramatically, tremendously, substantially
15.明显的：evidentapparent, manifest
16.增强：enhancestrengthen, boost
17.减少：declinedescend, collapse, relieve
18.大约：approximatelynearly, around, estimated,roughly
19.趋势：trendtendency, inclination
20.预见：predictexpect, project
21.带来：bring aboutresult in, lead to
22.产生，引起：createspark, yield, give rise to
23.建立：establishfound, institute
24.要求：call forrequest, demand
25.去除：eliminateremove, eradicate
26.探讨：exploreexamine, identify 27.表明，描绘：indicatedepict, portray, illustrate
28.满足…需求：meet the need ofsatisfy the requirement of, cater for the demand of
29.足够：adequateenough, sufficient
30.解决：tackleresolve, address
31.意识：awarenessconsciousness
32.控制：curbregulate, censor
33.解释：account forbe responsible for, be attributed to
34.投资：financeinvest in,  subsidize
35.缓解：relieveease, alleviate
36.压力：stresspressure, strain
37.遵循：observefollow, conform to
38.继承：inherithand down, carry forward
39.培养：cultivatetrain, foster
40.促进：promotecontribute to, upgrade
41.适应：adapt toadjust to, acclimate to
42.提供：providerender, afford
43.替代：replacesubstitute, take the place of
44.保护：preserveprotect, safeguard
45.证据：evidenceproof
46.赢得：gainacquire, attain
47.国外的：foreignalien, exotic
48.重视：attach importance toemphasis, highlight
49.发展：advancedevelopment, progress
50.倾向于：tend tobe inclined to, be apt to 
51. 吸引：attractallure, tempt
52. 专注的：be absorbed inbe immersed in, devote oneself to
53. 目的是：aim atThe purpose is
54. 实现：achievefulfill, implement
55. 危害：endangerthreaten; jeopardize
56. 损害：undermineimpair, damage
57. 阻碍：hinderobstruct, impede
58. 禁止：forbidban, prohibit
59. 责备：blamedenounce, criticize
60. 污染：pollutecontaminate, stain
61. 腐蚀：erodewear away, corrode
62. 欺骗：deceivecheat, defraud
63. 冲突：conflictshock, tension
64. 驱使：promptspur, incite
65. 贪婪的：acquisitivemoney-oriented, materialistic
66. 自私的：self-centeredselfish, inconsiderate
67.体谅的：considerateunderstanding, sympathetic
68.冷漠的：indifferentapathetic, aloof
69.奢 侈的：wastefulluxurious, extravagant
70.残忍的：inhumanebrutal, barbaric
71.绝望的：hopelessdespairing, desperate
72.过分的：excessiveextravagant, exorbitant
73.激烈的：intensefierce, vigorous
74.严厉的：stringentrigorous, rigid
75.与…相关：be related tobe associated with, be linked to
76.难以置信的：unbelievableincredulous, virtual
77.惊人的：extraordinarymarvelous, spectacular
78.有抱负的：ambitiousaggressive, aspirant
79.固有的：inherentnature, innate
80.稳定的：steadystable, constant
81.恶化：worsenaggravate, deteriorate
82.夸大：exaggerateoverstate
83.限制：restrainconstrain, confine
84.拆除：tear downknock down, pull down
85.加速：acceleratespeed up, precipitate
86.占优势：predominatedominate
87.分辨：distinguishdifferentiate, discern
88.抵消：counteractoffset, cancel out
89.开展：launchconduct, carry out
90.承担：assumeshoulder, accept
91.颁布, 制定：enactenforce, promulgate, map out
92.影响：influenceimpact, pervade
93.差异：differencedistinction, gap
94.交流：communicateexchange, associate
95.接触：have access tomake contact with, keep in touch with
96.优先：give priority toput…into first place
97.节约：economizeconserve, cherish
98.面临：be faced withbe confronted with
99.措施：measurestep, action
100.注意：bewareprevent, guard against

     关键词：雅思写作、雅思写作构思、雅思技巧